animal breeding: the maintenance, ranging, care of animals
Kalmyks: nomads of Europe

Kalmyks: nomads of Europe

Kalmyks is the only people in Europe who speaks language of the Mongolian group, confesses the world's oldest religion - Buddhism - and is the representative of the nomadic culture. All this bounds Kalmyks to its ancient motherland - Central Asia… Kalmyks: nomads of Europe

The Bashkirs: on the border of cultures

The Bashkirs: on the border of cultures
Historically, the Bashkirs resided in the frontier between Europe and Asia and on the border of two cultures, one nomadic and one agricultural. This fact is reflected in the complex and brilliant culture of this people- in their substitence strategy, in their shelter, their way of life, and even in their national name "bashkort". The Bashkirs: on the border of cultures
Kazakhs: being a nomad means to be alive

Kazakhs:  being a nomad means to be alive
In the language of the Kazakhs words "to live" and "to roam" are synonyms as well as permanent moving with the flocks of cattle was not only a way of life of the nomad but also a basis of his world outlook... Kazakhs:  being a nomad means to be alive
Kirghiz: house-world- universe of the nomad!

Kirghiz: house-world- universe of the nomad!
Kirghiz, inhabiting the massifs of the Tien Shan and Eastern Pamir, roam in a vertical direction - in winter in the valleys, in summer in the Alpine meadows. Transportable combined dwelling - yurt - ideally correspond to the main principle of the nomadic way of life - "All I have, I carry with myself." Kirghiz: house-world- universe of the nomad!
Reindeer breeders of tundra (Nenets, Chukchi, Koryaks) and wild reindeer hunters (Nganasans, Ents).

Reindeer breeders of tundra (Nenets, Chukchi, Koryaks) and wild reindeer hunters (Nganasans, Ents).
Nature, which cannot be separated from the life of the northern peoples, has to a large extent formed their culture, occupations and way of life - nomadic or half-settled. For tundra inhabitants - Nenets, Chukchi, Koryaks who live in the severe Arctic conditions - the basis for the economic set-up was the consumer reindeer breeding. Reindeer breeders of tundra (Nenets, Chukchi, Koryaks) and wild reindeer hunters (Nganasans, Ents).
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animal breeding

Kalmyks: nomads of Europe

Bashkirs

Kazakhs: being a nomad means to be alive

Kirghiz: house-world- universe of the nomad!

Reindeer breeders of tundra
Hunting and fishing
Transport and ways of movement
Trade
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