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In December, 2005 the employees of the Russian Museum of Ethnography according to the initiative of the plenipotentiary of the Islamic republic Afghanistan in the Russian Federation, Mr. Gairat Gulyam Sakhi, carried out a research work, main goal of which was to elaborate programs aimed on creation of the national historical and ethnological museum of Afghanistan.
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Afghanistan
In December, 2005 the employees of the Russian Museum of Ethnography according to the initiative of the plenipotentiary of the Islamic republic Afghanistan in the Russian Federation, Mr. Gairat Gulyam Sakhi, carried out a research work, main goal of which was to elaborate programs aimed on creation of the national historical and ethnological museum of Afghanistan.
Place for the future museum was chosen in one of the oldest Afghanistan cities which is known as heart of the "Islamic scholarship" and center where cultural monuments belonging to different historical period are concentrated. This city is Herat - "Khorasan is the seashell of the East, Herat - its pearl". The city is declared a treasure of the world civilization and is entirely under the protection of the UNESCO.
Following the suggestion of the Department of Culture of the Heart province, the future museum will be mainly housed in the reservoir building constructed at the turn of 16-17 centuries and which is situated in the central part of the city, not far from the Mosque Djami. At present time Aga-khan Foundation, that restores monuments of the Islamic culture in many countries, is rennovating the building.
Museum employees, who were involved in the reconnoitered excursions to the outskirts of the city and visited numerous handicraft workshops in Heart itself, noted preserved tradition of the national culture in its various manifestations starting with cultural reminiscences and ending with realities of the epochs of the early states of the Far East.
If consider the possibilities of the field studies and research into the material and spiritual cultures of the Oriental peoples, nowadays Afghanistan is the "live preserve" of the unique ethnographic monuments, and this is the excellent perspective for the scientific research. Moreover, if take into account the consequences of the world globalization processes which lead to the leveling of the ethnic distinctions, then study of the richest heritage of all times should be conducted immediately forming the museum stock of the national culture.
In the scientific plan of making the future museum there are complicated tasks: reflection of the multinational population of Afghanistan, correlation between museum materials and objects of everyday culture which are still in the "live" use in workshops and stores close to the walls of the future museum. As to the first task, it can be compared with the experience of the Russian Museum of Ethnography. To find the solution for the second task, summarizing of the world (international) experience should be applied together with the introducing of the innovative technologies.
Symbolically, the reference point for the existence of the historical and ethnographic museum in Heart can be considered December, 2005 when the Russian ethnologists with the assistance of the Afghan colleagues collected first museum objects: carpet items and objects of everyday culture of the nomadic group of the mixed Afghan-Beludzh peoples.
It is now when favorable conditions for the creation of the museum are forming, and it is connected with the fact that components of the forming Afghan consciousness, interest to its own national culture in the Afghan society are now noticeable on different levels.
It is important to note that the representatives of different social classes who were meeting during the mission expressed the positive opinion on the presence of the Russian specialists.
On the press-conference which took place in February, 2006 and was held on the basis of the ITAR-TASS Agency in Moscow intentions of the Russian and Afghan parties - participants of the project - were made public.
The Russian Museum of Ethnography can elaborate the scientific concept of the future museum, its exhibitions, storing programs, etc.
There is a plan to conduct new expeditions according to the same program also in future.
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